- cross-posted to:
- programmerhumor@lemmy.ml
- cross-posted to:
- programmerhumor@lemmy.ml
That’s why I use nushell. Very convenient for writing scripts that you can understand. Obviously, it cannot beat Python in terms of prototyping, but at least I don’t have to relearn it everytime.
Nu is great. Using it since many years. Clearly superior shell. Only problem is, that it constantly faces breaking changes and you therefore need to frequently update your modules.
Not a problem for me in Nix, seems like a skill issue /j
They’ve slowed down with those a bit recently, haven’t they?
Not really. They’ve been on the stabilising path for about two years now, removing stuff like dataframes from the default feature set to be able to focus on stabilising the whole core language, but 1.0 isn’t out yet and the minor version just went three digits.
And it’s good that way. The POSIX CLI is a clusterfuck because it got standardised before it got stabilised.
dd
’s syntax is just the peak of the iceberg, there, you gotta take out the nail scissors and manicure the whole lawn before promising that things won’t change.Even in its current state it’s probably less work for many scripts, though. That is, updating things, especially if you version-lock (hello, nixos) will be less of a headache than writing
sh
could ever be. nushell is a really nice language, occasionally a bit verbose but never in the boilerplate for boilerplate’s sake way, but in the “In two weeks I’ll be glad it’s not perl” way. Things like command line parsing are ludicrously convenient (though please nushell people land collecting repeated arguments into lists).Fully agree on this. I do not say, it’s bad. I love innovation and this is what I love about Nushell. Just saying, that using it at work might not always be the best idea. ;)
Yesterday, I upgraded from
0.101.0
to0.102.0
anddate to-table
was replaced equally (actually better) withinto record
, however it was not documented well in the error. Had to research for 5 to 10 minutes, which does not sound much, but if you get this like every second version, the amount of time adds up quickly.Actually had been deprecated beforehand, you should have gotten a warning. The deprecation cycle certainly is quite short, I’m still on 0.100.0, If I were to upgrade now I’d jump the version with the warning.
Yes, I switched to an older version and there was the warning. However, there was no warning on
0.101.0
whatsoever, so upgrading just one patch version broke my master module.Sometimes, I skip some versions, so I am certain, that I jumped from <
0.100.0
straight to0.101.0
and here we are, without any deprecation warning.
So the alternative is:
- either an obtuse script that works everywhere, or
- a legible script that only works on your machine…
Ruby and calling bash like this
`cat a.txt`
a script that only works on your machine
That’s why docker exists :D
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I am of the opinion that production software shouldn’t be written in shell languages. If it’s something which needs to be redistributed, I would write it in python or something
On a more serious note, NOTHING with more than a little complexity should be written in shell scripts imo. For that, Python is the best, primarily due to how fast it is to prototype stuff in it.
I tend to write anything for distribution in Rust or something that compiles to a standalone binary. Python does not an easily redistributable application make lol
Yeah but then you either need to compile and redistribute binaries for several platforms, or make sure that each target user has rust/cargo installed. Plus some devs don’t trust compiled binaries in something like an npm package
For a bit of glue, a shell script is fine. A start script, some small utility gadget…
With python, you’re not even sure that the right version is installed unless you ship it with the script.
I try to write things to be cross-platform; with node builds, I avoid anything using shell scripting so that we can support Windows builds as well. As such, I usually write the deployment scripts in Node itself, but sometimes python if it’s supported by our particular CI/CD pipeline
I keep forgetting windows exists.
Most common development platform in the world
I quit using it in the WfW days and never looked back.
We have someone at work who uses it and he’s constantly having tooling issues due to compatibility problems, so… yeah.
I’m sure it’s fine for sticking in the shebang and writing your own one-off personal scripts, but I would never actually main it. Too much ecosystem relies on bash/posix stuff.
And I thought I was the only one… for smaller bash scripts chatGPT/Deepseek does a good enough job at it. Though I still haven’t tried VScode’s copilot on bash scripts. I have only tried it wirh C code and it kiiiinda did an ass job at helping…
AI does decently enough on scripting languages if you spell it out enough for it lol, but IMO it tends to not do so well when it comes to compiled languages
I’ve tried Python with VScode Copilot (Claude) and it did pretty good
That’s because scripted languages are more forgiving in general.
I was chalking it up to some scripting languages just tending to be more popular (like python) and thus having more training data for them to draw from
But that’s a good point too lol
Both can be true, Python does have a lot of examples floating online.
Yeah I tried that, Claude with some C code. Unfortunately the Ai only took me from point A to point A. And it only took a few hours :D
I don’t normally say this, but the AI tools I’ve used to help me write bash were pretty much spot on.
Yeah, an LLM can quickly parrot some basic boilerplate that’s showed up in its training data a hundred times.
Yes, with respect to the grey bearded uncles and aunties; as someone who never “learned” bash, in 2025 I’m letting a LLM do the bashing for me.
Until the magic incantations you don’t bother to understand don’t actually do what you think they’re doing.
Sounds like a problem for future me. That guy hates me lol
Yeah fuck that guy
In fairness, this also happens to me when I write the bash script myself 😂
I wonder if there’s a chance of getting
rm -rf /*
or zip bombs. Those are definitely in the training data at least.The classic
rm -rf $ENV/home
where$ENV
can be empty or contain spaces is definitely going to hit someone one day
Yes, I have never wrote a piece of code that didn’t do what I thought it would before LLMs, no sir.
For building a quick template that I can tweak to my needs, it works really well. I just don’t find it to be an intuitive scripting language.
IfWhen the script gets too complicated, AI could also convert it to Python.I tried it once at least, and it did a pretty good job, although I had to tell it to use some dedicated libraries instead of calling programs with subprocess.
PSA: Run ShellCheck on your shell scripts. It turns up a shocking number of programming errors. https://www.shellcheck.net/
Thank you for this. About a year ago I came across ShellCheck thanks to a comment just like this on Reddit. I also happened to be getting towards the end of a project which included hundreds of lines of shell scripts across dozens of files.
It turns out that despite my workplace having done quite a bit of shell scripting for previous projects, no one had heard about Shell Check. We had been using similar analysis tools for other languages but nothing for shell scripts. As you say, it turned up a huge number of errors, including some pretty spicy ones when we first started using it. It was genuinely surprising to see how many unique and terrible ways the scripts could have failed.
I wish it had a more comprehensive auto correct feature. I maintain a huge bash repository and have tried to use it, and it common makes mistakes. None of us maintainers have time to rewrite the scripts to match standards.
I honestly think autocorrecting your scripts would do more harm than good. ShellCheck tells you about potential issues, but It’s up to you to determine the correct behavior.
For example, how could it know whether
cat $foo
should becat "$foo"
, or whether the script actually relies on word splitting? It’s possible that$foo
intentionally contains multiple paths.Maybe there are autofixable errors I’m not thinking of.
FYI, it’s possible to gradually adopt ShellCheck by setting
--severity=error
and working your way down to warnings and so on. Alternatively, you can add one-off#shellcheck ignore SC1234
comments before offending lines to silence warnings.For example, how could it know whether
cat $foo
should becat "$foo"
, or whether the script actually relies on word splitting? It’s possible that$foo
intentionally contains multiple paths.Last time I used ShellCheck (yesterday funnily enough) I had written
ports+=($(get_elixir_ports))
to split the input sinceget_elixir_ports
returns a string of space separated ports. It worked exactly as intended, but ShellCheck still recommended to make the splitting explicit rather than implicit.The ShellCheck docs recommended
IFS=" " read -r -a elixir_ports <<< "(get_elixir_ports)" ports+=("${elixir_ports[@]}")
Then you’ll have to find the time later when this leads to bugs. If you write against bash while declaring it POSIX shell, but then a random system’s
sh
doesn’t implement a certain thing, you’ll be SOL. Or what exactly do you mean by “match standards”?
Clearly you don’t write enough bash scripts.
Or scripts for basically any other variant of the Bourne shell. They are, for the most part, very cross compatible.
That’s the only reason I’ve ever done much of anything in shell script. As a network administrator I’ve worked many network appliances running on some flavor of Unix and the one language I can count on to be always available is bash. It has been well worth knowing for just that reason.
I wrote a script to do backups on a ESXi it uses Busybox’s ASH, one thing I learned after spending hours debugging my scripts was that ASH does not support arrays so you have to do everything with temporary files.
There actually is an array in any POSIX shell. You get one array per file/function. It just feels bad to use it. You can abuse ‘set – 1 2 3 4’ to act as a proper array. You can then use ‘for’ without ‘in’ to iterate over it.
for i; do echo $i; done.
Use shift <number> to pop items off.
If I really have to use something more complex, I’ll reach for mkfifo instead so I can guarantee the data can only be consumed once without manipulating entries.
Cool, good to know.
When I bash my head into a wall, does that count?
Only if you scripted it
Enough is enough
I’ve had enough of these motherfucking scripts on this motherfucking PC!
Today I tried to write bash (I think)
I grabbed a bunch of commands, slapped a bunch of “&&” to string them together and saved them to a .sh file.
It didn’t work as expected and I did not, at all, look at any documentation during the process. (This is obviously on me, I’ll try harder next time)
Remember to make the .sh file executable with chmod +x
I try to remember to use man when learning a new command/program. And I almost always half-ass it and press the search button immediately to find whatever flag i need.
Regex
Edit: to everyone who responded, I use regex infrequently enough that the knowledge never really crystalizes. By the time I need it for this one thing again, I haven’t touched it in like a year.
You get used to it, I don’t even see the code—I just see: group… pattern… read-ahead…
You always forget regex syntax?
I’ve always found it simple to understand and remember. Even over many years and decades, I’ve never had issues reading or writing simple regex syntax (excluding the flags and shorthands) even after long regex breaks.
It’s not about the syntax itself, it’s about which syntax to use. There are different ones and remembering which one is for which language is tough.
This is exactly it. Regex is super simple. The difficulty is maintaining a mental mapping between language/util <-> regex engine <-> engine syntax & character class names. It gets worse when utils also conditionally enable extended syntaxes with flags or options.
The hardest part is remembering whether you need to use
\w
or[:alnum:]
.Way too few utils actually mention which syntax they use too. Most just say something accepts a “regular expression”, which is totally ambiguous.
This is exactly it. Regex is super simple. The difficulty is maintaining a mental mapping between language/util <-> regex engine <-> engine syntax & character class names. It gets worse when utils also conditionally enable extended syntaxes with flags or options.
The hardest part is remembering whether you need to use
\w
or[:alnum:]
.Way too few utils actually mention which syntax they use too. Most just say something accepts a “regular expression”, which is totally ambiguous.
This is exactly it. Regex is super simple. The difficulty is maintaining a mental mapping between language/util <-> regex engine <-> engine syntax & character class names. It gets worse when utils also conditionally enable extended syntaxes with flags or options.
The hardest part is remembering whether you need to use
\w
or[:alnum:]
.Way too few utils actually mention which syntax they use too. Most just say something accepts a “regular expression”, which is totally ambiguous.
I give you that, true. I wish vim had PCRE
There is the “very magic” mode for vim regexes. It’s not the exact PCRE syntax, but it’s pretty close. You only need to add \v before the expression to use it. There is no permanent mode / option though. (I think you can remap the commands, like / to /\v)
This is exactly it. Regex is super simple. The difficulty is maintaining a mental mapping between language/util <-> regex engine <-> engine syntax & character class names. It gets worse when utils also conditionally enable extended syntaxes with flags or options.
The hardest part is remembering whether you need to use
\w
or[:alnum:]
.Way too few utils actually mention which syntax they use too. Most just say something accepts a “regular expression”, which is totally ambiguous.
Most of regex is pretty basic and easy to learn, it’s the look ahead and look behind that are the killers imo
(?=)
for positive lookahead and(?!)
for negative lookahead. Stick a<
in the middle for lookbehind.
Don’t let the gatekeepers keep you out. This site helps.
Chatgpt helps even more
I know that LLMs are probably very helpful for people who are just getting started, but you will never understand it if you can’t grasp the fundamentals. Don’t let “AI” make you lazy. If you do use LLMs make sure you understand the output it’s giving you enough to replicate it yourself.
This may not be applicable to you specifically, but I think this is nice info to have here for others.
I have no interest in learning regex ever in my life, I have better things to dedicate my brain capacity to haha
Nice! This is the one I use: https://regexr.com/
Though it appears to be very similar on the face of it.
I just use the regex101 site. I don’t need anything too complicated ever. Has all the common syntax and shows matches as you type. Supports the different languages and globals.
For me I spent one hour of ADHD hyper focusing to get the gist of regex. Python.org has good documentation. It’s been like 2 years so I’ve forgotten it too lol.
twitch
This is one of the best uses for LLM’s imo. They do all my regex for me.
No. Learn it properly once and you’re good. Also it’s super handy in vim.
interns gonna intern
Bash was the first language I learned, got pretty decent at it. Now what happens is I think of a tiny script I need to write, I start writing it in Bash, I have to do string manipulation, I say fuck this shit and rewrite in Python lol
I mastered and forgot almost entirely RegEx several times now
“mastered”
Mastered as in I could teach it to others, and assemble many complicated rules for many complicated patterns.
I am always impressed with folks that retain it.
I would a ton of it for a month or two, and then do nothing with it again for more than a year or more.
It takes a lot for permanent burn-in for me. That’s the curse. The blessing is that I learn very quickly.
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Finite rules for perfectly sifting infinite options
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Unironically love powershell
For a defacto windows admin my Powershell skills are…embarrassing lol but I’m getting there!
This. But Pandas and Numpy.
Pandas and Numpy and Bash.
Oh my!
.loc and .iloc queries are a fun syntax adventure every time
Any no-SQL syntax for interacting with databases.
Me with powershell. I’ll write a pretty complex script, not write powershell for 3 months, come back and have to completely relearn it.
Wait im not the only one? I think i relearned bash more times than i can remember.
i used powershell, and even after trying every other shell and as a die hard Linux user I’ve considered going back to powershell cause damn man
Yeah. The best way to write any
bash
script is:apt/yum install PowerShell; pwsh script.ps1
I am a huge fan of using PowerShell for scripting on Linux. I use it a ton on Windows already and it allows me to write damn near cross-platform scripts with no extra effort. I still usually use a Bash or Fish shell but for scripting I love being able to utilize powershell.